Dorsal Rectus (Superior Rectus) - Horse Anatomy
Muscular System

Dorsal Rectus (Superior Rectus)

Musculus rectus dorsalis

Overview

One of four rectus muscles controlling eyeball movement. Rotates the eye dorsally (upward gaze).

Anatomical Details

Origin: Orbital periosteum around the optic foramen (common tendinous ring/annulus of Zinn)

Insertion: Dorsal sclera of the eyeball anterior to the equator

Action: Rotates the eyeball dorsally (looks up)

Innervation: Oculomotor nerve (CN III)

Common Conditions & Injuries

Strabismus / abnormal eye position

Damage to CN III causes the eye to deviate ventrally and laterally since the dorsal and medial rectus muscles are paralyzed, leaving the lateral rectus and ventral oblique unopposed.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Strabismus / abnormal eye position in horses?

Damage to CN III causes the eye to deviate ventrally and laterally since the dorsal and medial rectus muscles are paralyzed, leaving the lateral rectus and ventral oblique unopposed. Signs include: Eye deviated downward and outward; dilated pupil (mydriasis); drooping upper eyelid (ptosis); may indicate EPM, head trauma, or brain abscess.

Explore This Structure in 3D

See the Dorsal Rectus (Superior Rectus) on our interactive 3D horse model. Open 3D Model