Musculus omotransversarius
The omotransversarius is a strap-like muscle located superficially on the lateral neck. It originates from the wing of the atlas (C1) and the transverse process of C2 and inserts on the spine of the scapula (acromion region). Its actions are to advance the forelimb and produce lateral flexion of the neck. It is innervated by the accessory nerve (CN XI) and ventral branches of cervical nerves. When the limb is fixed it helps turn the head; when the neck is fixed it helps draw the limb forward.
Origin: Wing of the atlas (C1) and transverse process of C2
Insertion: Spine of the scapula (acromion region)
Action: Advances the forelimb; lateral flexion of the neck
Innervation: Accessory nerve (CN XI) and ventral branches of cervical nerves
Isolated injury is uncommon. Relevant in evaluations of neck flexibility or after trauma to the lateral neck or shoulder.
## Overview Cervical muscle spasm is involuntary, sustained contraction of neck muscles, most often the superficial brachiocephalicus, splenius, or trapezius groups, or the deeper stabilizers. It pro
Reluctance to bend the neck to one side or reduced forelimb reach after trauma should be evaluated.
## Overview Cervical muscle spasm is involuntary, sustained contraction of neck muscles, most often the superficial brachiocephalicus, splenius, or trapezius groups, or the deeper stabilizers. It produces stiffness, asymmetric posture, and pain, and frequently serves as a protective response to underlying joint, nerve, or soft-tissue pathology. ## Causes Acute strain, facet osteoarthritis, nerve-root irritation, compensatory overload from forelimb lameness, and psychological tension can all trigger spasm. Cold weather or inadequate warm-up may predispose. ## Diagnosis Palpation identifies taut bands, heat, and pain. Observation shows restricted motion or abnormal head carriage. Ruling out primary neurologic disease or fracture is important when onset is acute. ## Treatment Rest, anti-inflammatory medication, heat or manual therapy, and gradual mobilization relieve acute spasm. Addressing the underlying driver (joint injection, dental correction, saddle fit) prevents recurrence. ## Recovery and Prognosis Most spasms resolve with appropriate care. Chronic or recurrent spasm indicates an unresolved primary problem. ## Prevention Proper warm-up, balanced training, and prompt treatment of neck or forelimb discomfort reduce episodes. Signs include: taut, painful neck muscles; restricted range of motion; asymmetric head or neck posture; resistance to bending
Isolated injury is uncommon. Relevant in evaluations of neck flexibility or after trauma to the lateral neck or shoulder.
Reluctance to bend the neck to one side or reduced forelimb reach after trauma should be evaluated.
See the Omotransversarius on our interactive 3D horse model. Open 3D Model