Lymphonodi subiliaci
The prefemoral (subiliac) lymph nodes are located in the flank fold cranial to the tensor fasciae latae muscle, approximately one hand's breadth craniodorsal to the stifle. They drain the skin and subcutaneous structures of the hindlimb, flank, lateral and caudal abdomen, and perineal region. Along with the submandibular and prescapular nodes, they form the triad of peripheral lymph nodes routinely assessed during physical examination. Their superficial location makes them easily palpable and accessible for fine-needle aspiration.
Enlargement, pain, asymmetry, or fixation to surrounding tissues warrants further investigation. Causes include infection, inflammation, or neoplasia. Fine-needle aspiration or biopsy is used for diagnosis.
Chronic, progressive infection of the lymphatic vessels and regional lymph nodes of the lower limb, most commonly caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, Histoplasma farciminosum (epizootic lymp
Internal abscessation by C. pseudotuberculosis affecting abdominal organs and deep lymph nodes, including the prefemoral and internal iliac groups. Carries 30-40% mortality compared to <1% for the ext
## Overview The peripheral form of lymphosarcoma is neoplastic enlargement of one or more external lymph nodes. Nodes are usually painless and progressively enlarge. Weight loss, anemia, and elevated
Swollen or painful nodes in the flank fold should be evaluated, especially if accompanied by fever or other signs of illness.
Chronic, progressive infection of the lymphatic vessels and regional lymph nodes of the lower limb, most commonly caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, Histoplasma farciminosum (epizootic lymphangitis; OIE listed), or Sporothrix schenckii (sporotrichosis). Signs include: Nodular swelling along lymphatic vessels of the limb ('corded' lymphatics); nodules ulcerate and discharge thick pus; chronic limb swelling (lymphedema); lameness; scarring
Internal abscessation by C. pseudotuberculosis affecting abdominal organs and deep lymph nodes, including the prefemoral and internal iliac groups. Carries 30-40% mortality compared to <1% for the external form. Signs include: Persistent fever unresponsive to antibiotics; weight loss; ventral edema; colic; prolonged elevated fibrinogen and white cell count; abscesses visible on ultrasound in liver, spleen, kidneys, or lymph nodes
## Overview The peripheral form of lymphosarcoma is neoplastic enlargement of one or more external lymph nodes. Nodes are usually painless and progressively enlarge. Weight loss, anemia, and elevated globulins may accompany the node enlargement. The prefemoral node is commonly involved. Diagnosis is by cytology or biopsy. ## Causes Lymphoid neoplasia. ## Diagnosis Palpation of enlarged nodes and cytologic or histologic confirmation of a monomorphic lymphoid population. ## Treatment Corticosteroids or chemotherapy for palliation. Localized disease may be monitored if the horse remains comfortable. ## Recovery and Prognosis Guarded to poor. Some horses remain stable for a period; most eventually progress. ## Prevention None. Signs include: progressive painless enlargement of peripheral lymph nodes; weight loss; anemia; elevated globulins; confirmed by cytology or biopsy
Enlargement, pain, asymmetry, or fixation to surrounding tissues warrants further investigation. Causes include infection, inflammation, or neoplasia. Fine-needle aspiration or biopsy is used for diagnosis.
Swollen or painful nodes in the flank fold should be evaluated, especially if accompanied by fever or other signs of illness.
See the Prefemoral (Subiliac) Lymph Nodes on our interactive 3D horse model. Open 3D Model