## Overview COPD involvement refers to the participation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (now termed severe equine asthma) in a horse’s overall clinical picture. Airway inflammation and obstruction can limit performance, increase respiratory effort, and interact with other conditions such as cardiac disease or general fitness. ## Causes Environmental dust and mold exposure triggering lower-airway inflammation. ## Diagnosis History, clinical examination, endoscopy, and bronchoalveolar lavage. ## Treatment Environmental management plus corticosteroids and bronchodilators as needed. ## Recovery and Prognosis Manageable with consistent air-quality control. ## Prevention Low-dust husbandry.
cough; increased respiratory effort; exercise intolerance; nasal discharge; worsened by dusty environments
## Overview COPD involvement refers to the participation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (now termed severe equine asthma) in a horse’s overall clinical picture. Airway inflammation and obstruction can limit performance, increase respiratory effort, and interact with other conditions such as cardiac disease or general fitness. ## Causes Environmental dust and mold exposure triggering lower-airway inflammation. ## Diagnosis History, clinical examination, endoscopy, and bronchoalveolar lavage. ## Treatment Environmental management plus corticosteroids and bronchodilators as needed. ## Recovery and Prognosis Manageable with consistent air-quality control. ## Prevention Low-dust husbandry.
cough; increased respiratory effort; exercise intolerance; nasal discharge; worsened by dusty environments