## Overview Corneal ulcers are defects in the corneal epithelium, often extending into the stroma. They are common in horses and can progress rapidly to deep infection, descemetocele, or perforation if not treated promptly. Trauma is the usual initiating event. ## Causes Trauma from foreign bodies, scratches, or entropion; secondary bacterial or fungal infection is frequent. ## Diagnosis Fluorescein staining confirms the ulcer. Culture and cytology guide antimicrobial choice in complicated cases. ## Treatment Topical antibiotics, antifungals when indicated, atropine for pain and synechia prevention, and systemic anti-inflammatories. Deep or infected ulcers may need surgical grafting. Frequent medication is essential. ## Recovery and Prognosis Uncomplicated superficial ulcers often heal in days. Deep or fungal ulcers carry a more guarded prognosis and may leave scarring. ## Prevention Fly masks, safe stabling, and prompt attention to any ocular trauma or squinting.
squinting; tearing; cloudiness of the cornea; light sensitivity; positive fluorescein stain
## Overview Corneal ulcers are defects in the corneal epithelium, often extending into the stroma. They are common in horses and can progress rapidly to deep infection, descemetocele, or perforation if not treated promptly. Trauma is the usual initiating event. ## Causes Trauma from foreign bodies, scratches, or entropion; secondary bacterial or fungal infection is frequent. ## Diagnosis Fluorescein staining confirms the ulcer. Culture and cytology guide antimicrobial choice in complicated cases. ## Treatment Topical antibiotics, antifungals when indicated, atropine for pain and synechia prevention, and systemic anti-inflammatories. Deep or infected ulcers may need surgical grafting. Frequent medication is essential. ## Recovery and Prognosis Uncomplicated superficial ulcers often heal in days. Deep or fungal ulcers carry a more guarded prognosis and may leave scarring. ## Prevention Fly masks, safe stabling, and prompt attention to any ocular trauma or squinting.
squinting; tearing; cloudiness of the cornea; light sensitivity; positive fluorescein stain