## Overview Pleuropneumonia is infection of both the lung and the pleural space. It is a severe form of pneumonia, often called shipping fever because long-distance transport with the head elevated is a major risk factor. Horses are severely depressed, febrile, and reluctant to move, with pleural fluid visible on ultrasound. Early aggressive treatment improves survival. ## Causes Mixed aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, often after transport or other stress that impairs airway clearance. ## Diagnosis Ultrasound showing pleural fluid, thoracocentesis, and culture. Bloodwork shows inflammation. ## Treatment Broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics (covering aerobes and anaerobes), pleural drainage, and intensive supportive care. Prognosis has improved with early recognition but remains guarded in severe cases. ## Recovery and Prognosis Variable (roughly 40 to 90 percent survival depending on severity and speed of treatment). Chronic abscessation can occur. ## Prevention Minimize head elevation during long transport and allow rest stops.
severe depression; high fever; difficulty breathing; reluctance to move; pleural fluid on ultrasound
## Overview Pleuropneumonia is infection of both the lung and the pleural space. It is a severe form of pneumonia, often called shipping fever because long-distance transport with the head elevated is a major risk factor. Horses are severely depressed, febrile, and reluctant to move, with pleural fluid visible on ultrasound. Early aggressive treatment improves survival. ## Causes Mixed aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, often after transport or other stress that impairs airway clearance. ## Diagnosis Ultrasound showing pleural fluid, thoracocentesis, and culture. Bloodwork shows inflammation. ## Treatment Broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics (covering aerobes and anaerobes), pleural drainage, and intensive supportive care. Prognosis has improved with early recognition but remains guarded in severe cases. ## Recovery and Prognosis Variable (roughly 40 to 90 percent survival depending on severity and speed of treatment). Chronic abscessation can occur. ## Prevention Minimize head elevation during long transport and allow rest stops.
severe depression; high fever; difficulty breathing; reluctance to move; pleural fluid on ultrasound